See fernaz on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "fernȝere"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "farnȝer"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "fairnȝer"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "firn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "fernȝere"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "farnȝer"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "fairnȝer"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "fyrn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "fier"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "fier"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "fier"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "fīr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "fier"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "fier"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "fier"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "fēr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "verne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "vere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "ver"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "ferni"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "verne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "vere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "ver"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "fern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "verne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "vere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "ver"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*furn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "verne"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "verne"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*ferni"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "fëret"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Fiire"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "firne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "virne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "fëret"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Fiire"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "firne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "vërne"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "firni"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"word": "fornur"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "fonn"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "fodn"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "forn"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "forne"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "fairns",
"word": "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍃"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*per-",
"id1": "before",
"id2": "fare"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine",
"3": "h₁én"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*per(H)-",
"5": "fore, first",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per(H)- (“fore, first”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pernai",
"3": "per-nai",
"4": "last year",
"pos": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian per-nai (“last year”, adverb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pērn",
"3": "pēr-n",
"4": "last year, last time"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pēr-n (“last year, last time”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*olni",
"3": "*ol-ni",
"4": "last year",
"id": "last year",
"pos": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ol-ni (“last year”, adverb)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-anē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-anē",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *per(H)- (“fore, first”) or *per- (“forth, over, across, through”), apparently with the same n-suffix or postfix found in the cognates Lithuanian per-nai (“last year”, adverb) and Latvian pēr-n (“last year, last time”) (see also Proto-Slavic *ol-ni (“last year”, adverb)). The identity of the suffix is uncertain, but possibly from *h₁én (“in”). See Proto-Germanic *-anē and *fanē for another possible connection.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "ferną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "ferną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ferniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ferniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ferninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ferninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "*furnaz",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*firnijaz",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fernaz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foregoing, previous"
],
"id": "en-fernaz-gem-pro-adj--cZrSiHl",
"links": [
[
"foregoing",
"foregoing"
],
[
"previous",
"previous"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"recent, last-year"
],
"id": "en-fernaz-gem-pro-adj-7yVij6Qa",
"links": [
[
"recent",
"recent"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸer.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "fernaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (fare)",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁én"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "fernȝere"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "farnȝer"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "fairnȝer"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "firn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "fernȝere"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "farnȝer"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "fairnȝer"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "fyrn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "fier"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "fier"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "fier"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "fīr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "fier"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "fier"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "fier"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "fēr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "verne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "vere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "ver"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "ferni"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "verne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "vere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "ver"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "fern"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "verne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "vere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "feern"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "ver"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*furn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "verne"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "verne"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*ferni"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "fëret"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Fiire"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "firne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "virne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "fëret"
},
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "Fiire"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "firne"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Firn"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "firn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "vërne"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "firni"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"word": "fornur"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "fonn"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "fodn"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "forn"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "forne"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "forn"
},
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "fairns",
"word": "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍃"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*per-",
"id1": "before",
"id2": "fare"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine",
"3": "h₁én"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*per(H)-",
"5": "fore, first",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per(H)- (“fore, first”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pernai",
"3": "per-nai",
"4": "last year",
"pos": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian per-nai (“last year”, adverb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pērn",
"3": "pēr-n",
"4": "last year, last time"
},
"expansion": "Latvian pēr-n (“last year, last time”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*olni",
"3": "*ol-ni",
"4": "last year",
"id": "last year",
"pos": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ol-ni (“last year”, adverb)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-anē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-anē",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *per(H)- (“fore, first”) or *per- (“forth, over, across, through”), apparently with the same n-suffix or postfix found in the cognates Lithuanian per-nai (“last year”, adverb) and Latvian pēr-n (“last year, last time”) (see also Proto-Slavic *ol-ni (“last year”, adverb)). The identity of the suffix is uncertain, but possibly from *h₁én (“in”). See Proto-Germanic *-anē and *fanē for another possible connection.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "ferną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "ferną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "fernô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ferniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ferniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ferninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ferninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "fernammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "*furnaz",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*firnijaz",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fernaz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foregoing, previous"
],
"links": [
[
"foregoing",
"foregoing"
],
[
"previous",
"previous"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"recent, last-year"
],
"links": [
[
"recent",
"recent"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸer.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "fernaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fernaz meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.